John G. Neihardt (1881-1973), Papers, c.1858-1974 (C3716)

9.4 linear feet, 22 video cassettes [22 DVDs], 57 audio cassettes, 3 compact discs; also available on 18 rolls of microfilm

INTRODUCTION

Correspondence, manuscripts, photographs, newsclippings, audio and video cassettes, and miscellaneous material of a poet. Neihardt was most famous for his epic, A Cycle of the West, and Black Elk Speaks. He was poet laureate of Nebraska, literary editor of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch from 1926 to 1938, and instructor at the University of Missouri from 1949 to 1965.

See also additional WHMC-C holdings: John G. Neihardt, Papers, 1908-1974 (C3778) and John G. Neihardt, Letters, 1912-1925 (C3074).

Visit WHMC-C's online exhibit: John G. Neihardt: Poet of the American West

And, the John G. Neihardt Collection, Special Collections Division, University of Missouri-Columbia Libraries.

RESTRICTIONS

The papers are open for use. For literary rights and publication matters, contact the Neihardt Trust. Please contact the WHMC-C reference staff for the current address and complete restriction statement.

DONOR INFORMATION

The Neihardt Papers were donated to the University of Missouri by Neihardt and other donors over the years from 1951 through 1984. Consult with the reference archivist for further information.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

John Gneisenau Neihardt was born near Sharpsburg, Illinois, on 8 January 1881, third child of Nicholas Nathan Neihardt and Alice Culler Neihardt. In 1886 the family moved to a sod house in northwestern Kansas, moving from there to Kansas City in 1888. In 1891 he moved with his mother and sisters to Wayne, Nebraska, where he attended the Nebraska Normal College (now Wayne State College), graduating with a bachelor of science degree at age 16. His first book, The Divine Enchantment, was finished at the age of 16 and published.

After teaching at a country school for two terms, he moved to Bancroft, Nebraska, where he worked with an Indian trader among the Omaha Indians. Later he edited a country weekly, the Bancroft Blade, for several years. After that he devoted his time to writing fiction and lyric verse with rapidly increasing national success.

In 1912, at the age of 31, Neihardt began writing his major work, A Cycle of the West, to which he devoted eighteen years. He was made poet laureate of Nebraska by legislative enactment in 1921. He was literary editor of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch from 1926 to 1938, worked for the Bureau of Indian Affairs from 1942 to 1945, and served as lecturer in English and poet in residence at the University of Missouri from 1949 to 1965.

Neihardt was married in 1908 to Mona Martinsen, sculptor and a student of Rodin, the daughter of Rudolph Vincent and Ada Martinsen. The Neihardts had four children: Enid, Sigurd, Hilda, and Alice.

SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE

The Neihardt Papers are arranged into seven series:

The Correspondence is almost exclusively incoming correspondence, arranged chronologically. The correspondence is with family, friends, literary figures, and students. The earliest correspondence is from other literary figures such as Julius Temple House, John Galen Howard, H.S. Latham, Harriet Monroe, George Steele Seymour, Upton Sinclair, and Jim Tully. Much of the correspondence from the late 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s is with Neihardt's family when he went on lecture tours. He describes the lecture circuit, the towns, and the audience reaction to his poetry.

Correspondence from the 1930s also covers Neihardt's visit to the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation where he interviewed Black Elk, a Sioux medicine man. There are also letters to Mona from Neihardt during the summer of 1936 when Mona was seriously ill in Branson and Neihardt was working in St. Louis. While generally nonpolitical, Neihardt commented on the Nazis and events in Europe in several letters. Included in the correspondence of this period are transcriptions of letters that had been taken down in shorthand by Enid Neihardt Fink. These are indicated by [Transcribed by Enid Neihardt Fink from her shorthand notes, 1980/81] at the top of the page. The transcriptions were done shortly after Mrs. Fink suffered a stroke and are sometimes disjointed.

After Neihardt's move to Columbia in 1948, his correspondence is with students and friends in the Midwest. Among these latter correspondents are Lucille Aly, Mildred Bennett, Sanford Gray, Stanley C. Smith, Evelyn Vogt, and Julius D. Young.

The Manuscripts series contains some of Neihardt's early lyric poetry, book reviews, Black Elk Speaks, A Cycle of the West, When the Tree Flowered, and his autobiography, All Is But a Beginning, as well as the unfinished second volume of his autobiography. This series is arranged chronologically except that A Cycle of the West, which was written over a twenty-eight year period, has been grouped together.

The series includes the lecture series "Poetic Values" which Neihardt gave at the University of Nebraska in October 1925. Originally intended as three lectures, Neihardt decided finally on two which were entitled "Common Sense" and "The Creative Dream." The manuscript in the papers is entitled "More Truth Than Poetry" which was the original title of the series. Only section II, "The Mood of the Moment," is in the collection.

The book reviews date from the 1920s and 1930s and do not appear in the clippings of Neihardt's column in folders 524-544. An alphabetical listing of the books reviewed is in folder 209.

The original manuscript of Black Elk Speaks is included in this series. Original drawings by Standing Bear, used to illustrate the book, are in folder 248. Pages 1, 92, and 309 are missing. Chapter VI, "High Horse's Courting," was added after the manuscript had been divided into chapters. Therefore, the numbers of later chapters are wrong. The correct chapter number is in pencil in the upper right-hand corner. Folders 402-405 and 412-420 contain related material.

The Stenographic Notes and Transcriptions are from two visits to the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota to interview Indians who had witnessed the final defeat of the Sioux by the white man. Black Elk Speaks resulted from the 1931 visit; When the Tree Flowered resulted from the 1944 visit. There is also correspondence in shorthand. The transcriptions have been filed in the Correspondence series.

The Photographs series includes pictures of Neihardt's relatives, his family, and publicity photos, arranged chronologically. Also included are photos used in illustrating The River and I and The Splendid Wayfaring, Enid Neihardt's scrapbook of the 1931 trip to Pine Ridge, and miscellaneous photos of Indians.

The Miscellaneous series consists of publications by Neihardt, articles about Neihardt, reviews of his work, press releases, publicity, student papers and poetry, book and teaching contracts, and material from friends of Neihardt. The series also includes plans, notes, introductions, and lectures for Neihardt's course "Epic America," taught at the University of Missouri. From notations on the material it appears that some of the material was used when the course was videotaped. Lectures for the course usually consisted of Neihardt reading his poetry and commenting on it.

The Newsclippings series has a collection of Neihardt's Post-Dispatch columns, miscellaneous clippings covering events in Neihardt's career, and the Neihardt editions of the Wayne State Teachers College newspapers.

The Audiovisual series consists of 22 video cassettes of Neihardt reading his poetry, which have been converted to DVD use copies, 57 audio cassettes, and three compact discs. Fifty of these audio cassettes are of Neihardt reading and commenting on A Cycle of the West. The remaining cassettes are miscellaneous interviews and lectures.

The DVDs include the University of Missouri's telecourses, Epic America: A Cycle of the West and Epic America: Twilight of the Sioux.

The CDs were originally recorded by Bill McIntyre when he interviewed Neihardt over the course of three months in 1973. The recordings contain recitations and commentary on Neihardt's writings.

FOLDER LIST

Correspondence Series

f. 11896-1900
f. 21906-1910
f. 3-71911-1915
f. 8-131916-1919
f. 141920s
f. 15-261920-1924
f. 27-331925-1929
f. 34-351920s-1930s
f. 36-371930s
f. 38-441930-1934
f. 45-611935-1939
f. 62-631940s
f. 64-681940-1944
f. 69-761945-1948
f. 771949-1951
f. 78-871952-1954
f. 88-901955
f. 91-941956
f. 95-981957
f. 99-1011958
f. 102-1081959
f. 1091950s-1960s
f. 110-1111960s
f. 112-1141960
f. 115-1241961
f. 125-1371962
f. 138-1481963
f. 149-1591964
f. 160-1701965
f. 171-1841966
f. 185-1931967
f. 1941973
f. 195-197n.d.
f. 198-199Christmas cards, 1944-1966, n.d. Only cards which had messages written by the sender have been kept.

Manuscripts Series

f. 200Agamemnon, 1900s
f. 201-204Lyric poems, 1902-1911, n.d.
f. 205-206The Epic Minded Scot, 1908
f. 207Eight Hundred Rubles, 1913
f. 208"Poetic Values," 1925
f. 209-247Book review manuscripts, 1920s-1930s. An alphabetical listing of the books reviewed is in folder 209.
f. 248-276Black Elk Speaks
f. 277-315A Cycle of the West
f. 277-284The Song of Hugh Glass, 1913-1915
f. 285-290The Song of Three Friends, 1916-1918
f. 291-301The Song of the Indian Wars, 1920-1924. Page 98 of the manuscript is missing.
f. 302-308The Song of the Messiah, 1925-1935. There are no pages 65, 66, and 122 due to misnumbering the manuscript.
f. 309-314The Song of Jed Smith, 1937-1941
f. 315Introduction to A Cycle of the West, 1943. Written when the poems came out in one volume.
f. 316-340When the Tree Flowered
f. 341-359All Is But a Beginning
f. 360-401Autobiography, Volume 2

Stenographic Notes and Transcriptions Series

f. 402-411Stenographic Notes
f. 402Black Elk's vision
f. 403-404Black Elk's youth
f. 405Wounded Knee
f. 406Enid Neihardt's diary, 1931
f. 407-411Correspondence, 1930-1932, 1935

f. 412-438Transcriptions
f. 412-4201931 transcription of f. 402-405. Arranged roughly like Black Elk Speaks, there is no page 106 due to numbering. Page 142 is missing.
f. 421-4291980/81 transcription of f. 402-405
f. 4301980/81 transcription of f. 406
f. 431-4381944 transcription of interviews with Eagle Elk, Black Elk, and Andrew Knife on Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.

Photographs Series

f. 439c. 1858-1893
f. 4401894-1904
f. 4411905-1918
f. 4421918-1923. Neihardt at Nebraska poet laureate ceremony; erecting Hugh Glass monument, South Dakota
f. 4431924-1956
f. 4441956-1961. Dedication of Neihardt bust at Nebraska Capitol.
f. 4451961-1962. Grandfather Culler's farm site
f. 446-4501962. Trip west with Stanley C. Smith
f. 4511963-1964. Neihardt in Bancroft, Nebraska
f. 4521965-1967, n.d.
f. 453n.d.
f. 454Indians
f. 455-456The Splendid Wayfaring
f. 457-462The River and I
f. 463Pine Ridge Reservation, 1931. Original scrapbook.
f. 464-468Pine Ridge Reservation, 1931. Copies of photographs from Enid's scrapbook.

Miscellaneous Series

f. 469-482"Epic America"
f. 483A Bundle of Myrrh, 1903
f. 484The Wind God's Wooing, 1904
Lonesome in Town, 1908
f. 485Laureate Address, 1921
f. 486"Poetic Values." See also f. 208
The Lyric Deed
The Coming of the Word.
The opening of The Song of the Messiah
f. 487"Our Friend." A tribute to George Seymour "The White Radiance
f. 488-490Articles about Neihardt
f. 491-495Reviews of Neihardt's Works, 1900-1964, n.d.
f. 496Certificates
f. 497Book contracts and agreements
f. 498Interviews. Two transcripts: "Interview of John Neihardt from Columbia, Missouri, April 11, 1955, on teaching poetry to young people" and "John G. Neihardt's Power Vision and Early Experiences, Extra Sensory Perception," n.d.
f. 499Press releases, 1958-1967
f. 500Publicity, n.d.
f. 501-505Student papers and poetry, 1946-1967
f. 506Teaching certificates, Wayne County, Nebraska, 1898-1899
f. 507-510Proceedings of the Annual Meeting and Dinner of the Order of Indian Wars of the United States, 1917-1938
f. 511Miscellaneous, 1883-1917
f. 512Miscellaneous, 1921-1925
f. 513Miscellaneous, 1926-1931
f. 514Miscellaneous, 1938. Engagements and expense ledger for lecture tours.
f. 515Miscellaneous, 1938-1943. Mona Neihardt's reminiscences used by Elmer and Mary Holm in their W.P.A. biography of Neihardt, and Neihardt's speech at dedication of Hugh Glass monument in Bison, South Dakota.
f. 516Miscellaneous, 1945
f. 517Miscellaneous, 1946-1961
f. 518Miscellaneous, 1962
f. 519Miscellaneous, 1965-1966
f. 520Miscellaneous, 1967
f. 521Miscellaneous, n.d.

Newsclippings Series

f. 524-543"Of Making Many Books", 1930-1936, n.d.
f. 544Miscellaneous reviews, 1911, 1936, n.d.
f. 545-557Clippings about Neihardt, his tours, and his books
f. 558Goldenrod, 1922-1933. Issues of the Wayne State Teachers College newspaper dealing with Neihardt.

Audiovisual Series

a.c. 1Introduction to reading of A Cycle of the West
a.c. 2-7The Song of Three Friends
a.c. 7-15The Song of Hugh Glass
a.c. 15-24The Song of Jed Smith
a.c. 25-30Introduction to The Song of the Indian Wars. Neihardt lectures on customs and religion of the Sioux, relates Black Elk's vision, and tells two legends.
a.c. 31-44The Song of the Indian Wars
a.c. 44-50The Song of the Messiah
a.c. 51n.d. Neihardt and unidentified others. Neihardt discusses his attitude toward the Sioux and mentions some of his experiences while a member of the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs.
a.c. 52-53 25 June 1954. Neihardt speaking at Wayne State College, Wayne, Nebraska. He recounts his meeting with Black Elk and the latter's vision.
a.c. 54-55 11 April 1955. Interview of Neihardt by Virginia Plank, English teacher at Hanley Junior High School, University City, Missouri. Neihardt discusses poetry and how to teach young people to appreciate it. On a.c. 55 Neihardt recites "Easter".
a.c. 56-57 15 February 1962. Neihardt at the University of South Dakota at Vermillion. A.c. 56 contains his lecture before a seminar on teaching in which he discusses how he writes. A.c. 57 contains an interview of Neihardt by Martin Busch for a radio program in which Neihardt talks about his interest in Indians and his meeting with Black Elk and recites a portion of The Song of the Messiah.

NOTE: The original videocassettes have been reformatted onto DVDs. Please use the DVD copies for viewing.

DVD 1-3n.d. University of Missouri Telecourse Epic America--A Cycle of the West
DVD 1"Fettier Fight From the Songs of the Indian Wars"
DVD 2"Wagon Box Battle"
DVD 3"Death of Crazy Horse"
DVD 4c. 1956. Negative of television program in which Neihardt discusses the background and writing of Black Elk Speaks and interviews Ben Black Elk, son of Black Elk.
DVD 5-71961. John Neihardt: The Man, The Poet, a four part series by University of Missouri Instructional Television and Department of English. In the first program Neihardt is interviewed by Edward C. Lambert. On the other programs Neihardt reads from The Song of the Messiah. Program 2 is not in the collection.
DVD 8-221962-1964. Epic America--Twilight of the Sioux, a twenty nine part series by University of Missouri Instructional Television and Department of English. The last video also contains the program, Lyrics, in which Neihardt reads his lyric poetry.
DVD 8Program 1: "Introduction"; Program 2: "The Sioux Federal System and Island Hill"
DVD 9Program 3: "Wandering to Mourn and In the Old Days"; Program 4: "Going on Vision Quest and High Horse's Courting"
DVD 10Program 5: "Black Elk"; Program 6: "Battle in the Blizzard and Cleansing of a Hills Home"
DVD 11Program 7: "Mother Power and the Brothers Who Had Sister Trouble"; Program 8: "Thanking the Food and Sharp Nose"
DVD 12Program 9: "Sund Dance"; Program 10: "Introduction to the Indian Wars"
DVD 13Program 11: "Indian Wars I"; Program 12: "Indian Wars II"
DVD 14Program 13: "Indian Wars III"; Program 14: "Indian Wars IV"
DVD 15Program 15: "Indian Wars V"; Program 16: "Indian Wars VI"
DVD 16Program 17: "Indian Wars VII"; Program 18: "Indian Wars VIII
DVD 17Program 19: "Indian Wars IX"; Program 20: "Indian Wars X"
DVD 18Program 21: "Indian Wars XI"; Program 22: "Indian Wars XII"
DVD 19Program 23: "Messiah I"; Program 24: "Messiah II"
DVD 20Program 25: "Messiah III"; Program 26: "Messiah, IV"
DVD 21Program 27: "Messiah V"; Program 28: "Messiah VI"
DVD 22Program 29: "Messiah VII"; Lyrics
CD 1-3Flaming Rainbow: Reflections and Recollections on an Epic Poet, 1973

INDEX TERMS

These index terms are the subjects, people, places, etc. under which this collection is listed in all available indexes at the Western Historical Manuscript Collection-Columbia. If you are interested in a specific index term, please contact the reference staff.

  • Abbott, Keene
  • Academy of American Poets
  • Albumen prints
  • Alden, Raymond M.
  • Alexander, Hartley Burr
  • American Academy of Arts and Letters
  • Andrew Knife
  • Badlands, South Dakota
  • Bates, Katharine Lee
  • Behymer, France Albert
  • Bennett, Mildred R.
  • Bison
  • Black Elk, Ben
  • Black Elk, Sioux Medicine Man
  • Boodin, John E.
  • Bovard, Oliver K.
  • Branch, Anna Hempstead
  • Brant, Irving
  • Bridges, North Dakota, Bismarck
  • Bromfield, Louis
  • Bullock, Hugh
  • Bullock, Marie
  • Burton, Richard
  • Butler Studio (Photographer)
  • California, 1910s
  • Canoes and canoeing
  • Carman, William Bliss
  • Carriages and carts
  • Cartoons and caricatures
  • Case. Leland D.
  • Cather, Willa, Memorial
  • Childs, Marquis William
  • Christ, Edwin
  • Clemens, Samuel Langhorne
  • Cobb and Loeb (Photographers)
  • Collier, John
  • Conn, Ulysses Sylvester
  • Cook, James H.
  • Coolbrith, Ina
  • Courtright, B.G.
  • Cowhands
  • Craven, C.M. (Photographer)
  • Crazy Horse
  • Culler, Charles W.
  • Curly, Crow Indian
  • Darrow, Clarence
  • Davis, Robert Hobart "Bob"
  • DeCasseres, Benjamin
  • Deloria, Ella Cara
  • Dilliard, Irving
  • Dwight, F.E. (Photographer)
  • Eagle Elk
  • Eagle Elk
  • Fast, Howard
  • Fast, Howard
  • Fink, Oliver
  • Folk art, Indian
  • Fort Benton, MT
  • Fort Laramie, WY
  • Fort Union, MT
  • Frothingham, Robert (1865-1937)
  • Gilder, George Buchanan
  • Glass, Hugh ( -1833)
  • Gottlieb, Ferdinand
  • Grant, Paul
  • Gray, Sanford
  • Hawaii, 1898
  • Hillyer, Robert Silliman (1895-1961)
  • Holm, Elmer E.
  • Holm, Mary N.
  • Holt, Henry (1840-1926)
  • House, Julius Temple ( -1937)
  • Howard, John Galen (1864-1931)
  • Indians
  • Indians, Sioux
  • Indians--Art
  • Indians--Costume & adornment
  • Indians--Dances
  • Indians--Legends
  • Indians--Reservations
  • Indians--Social life & customs
  • Indians--Women
  • Jones, Thomas S., Jr. (1882-1932)
  • Jordan, David Starr (1851-1931)
  • Kelly, Charles W.
  • Kelly, Luther S. "Yellowstone" (1849-1928)
  • Kendrick, M. Slade (1894- )
  • Kindsfather, Joan Neihardt
  • LaFlesche, Susan (1865-1915)
  • LaFlesche, Susette (1854-1903)
  • Lambert, Edward C. (1910- )
  • Latham, Harold Strong (1887-1969)
  • Lee, Gerald Stanley (1862-1944)
  • Lemly, Henry Rowan (1851-1925)
  • Lindsay, Vachel (1879-1931)
  • Little Big Horn, Battle of
  • Locke, G.A. (Photographer)
  • Long, Albert E. (1881-1957)
  • Mabie, Hamilton W. (1846-1916)
  • Maps, Missouri Territory
  • McAdams, Clark (1874-1935)
  • Mencken, H.L. (1880-1956)
  • Mills, Anson (1834-1924)
  • Mills, Enos (1870-1922)
  • Missouri River
  • Monroe, Harriet ( -1936)
  • Moore, Ward
  • Morrow, William ( -1923)
  • Nebraska Normal College, Wayne
  • Nebraska, State Historical Society
  • Neihardt family
  • Neihardt Study Restoration Project, Bancroft, NE
  • Neihardt, Alice (1921- )
  • Neihardt, Alice Culler ( -1935)
  • Neihardt, Enid Volnia
  • Neihardt, Enid Volnia (1909-1996)
  • Neihardt, Hilda (1916- 2004)
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973)
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), "The Meaning of Christmas"
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), A Bundle of Myrrh
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), A Cycle of the West
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), Black Elk Speaks
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), The Divine Enchantment
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), The River and I
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), The Song of Hugh Glass
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), The Song of Jed Smith
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), The Song of the Indian Wars
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), The Song of the Messiah
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), The Song of Three Friends
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), The Splendid Wayfaring
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), The Wind God's Wooing
  • Neihardt, John Gneisenau (1881-1973), When the Tree Flowered
  • Neihardt, Maxine Melton
  • Neihardt, Mona Martinsen (1884-1958)
  • Neihardt, Nicholas
  • Neihardt, Sigurd (1912-1973)
  • New York Times, 1909
  • O'Hara, John Myers
  • O'Neill, Rose (1874-1944)
  • Order of Indian Wars of the United States
  • Oregon Trail
  • Photographers, France
  • Photographers, Iowa
  • Photographers, Kansas
  • Photographers, Nebraska
  • Photographers, North Dakota
  • Pile, J.M.
  • Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota
  • Poetry
  • Poetry: A Magazine of Verse
  • Pound, Ezra (1885-1972)
  • Pulitzer, Joseph, Jr. (1885-1955)
  • Putnam, James
  • Ranch life
  • Rice, Cale Young
  • Rittenhouse, Jessie B.
  • Rolfe, Alvin
  • Sandburg, Carl (1878-1967)
  • Sandoz, Mari (1907-1966)
  • Sarett, Lew (1888-1954)
  • Scheffauer, Herman (1878-1927)
  • Schuyler, Walter Scribner (1850-1932)
  • Seymour, George S. (1878-1945)
  • Sheep
  • Short, Dewey (1898-1979)
  • Sinclair, Upton (1878-1968)
  • Slim Buttes, SD
  • Smith, Jedediah Strong (1799-1831)
  • Smith, Stanley C.
  • Social Conditions, 1910s-1930s
  • St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 1920s
  • Standing Bear
  • Starrett, Vincent (1886-1974)
  • Steadman & Frager (Photographers)
  • Steamboat, Eclipse
  • Steamboat, Expansion
  • Steamboat, Washburn
  • Steamboats, Missouri River
  • Sterling, George (1869-1926)
  • Steroegraphs
  • Streamer, Volney
  • Street, Julian (1879-1947)
  • Sullivan, Aloysius Michael (1896-1980)
  • Tarrant, Mrs. E.H. (Photographer)
  • Teasdale, Sara (1884-1933)
  • Tintypes
  • Towne, Charles Hanson (1877-1949)
  • Trine, Grace Hyde
  • True, Allen Tupper (1881-1955)
  • Tully, Jim (1891-1947)
  • Untermeyer, Louis (1885-1977)
  • Van Bosch (Photographer)
  • Van Dyke, Henry
  • Van Lear, Thomas
  • Video Cassettes
  • Viereck, George Sylvester (1884-1962)
  • Vinsonhaler, Duncan M.
  • Vogt, Evelyn R.
  • Whitney, Caspar (1864-1929)
  • Whittaker, James
  • Winkelman, Phyllis H.
  • Women photographers
  • Works Studio (Photographer)
  • Wounded Knee, Battle of
  • Young, Julius D.
  • Young, Myrtle